(PRWEB) August 17, 2004
Dual diagnosis is defined by the presence of both mental well being disorders and substance abuse disorders (alcohol and/or drug dependence or abuse) [1]. There are a variety of different mental wellness disorders that can be associated with substance use and labeled dual diagnosis. Some of these disorders consist of: schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anti-social personality disorder, narcissistic personality, and depression. A big question among the experts is which comes 1st- the mental well being problem or substance use? ItÂ’s a challenging question to answer because so a lot of of the symptoms associated with mental wellness disorders resemble the by item of substance use and vice versa. This is also an critical subject correct now simply because of the overwhelming amount of substance use cases and mental wellness disorders that overlap.
In a recent study conducted by the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), it was estimated that 17.6 million American adults meet the criteria for an alcohol use disorder and approximately four.2 million meet the criteria for a drug use disorder [2]. In addition to this, 19.2 million adults can be diagnosed for independent mood disorders (main depression, dysthmia, manic disorder, and hypomania) and 23 million meet the criteria for independent anxiety disorders (including panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and certain social phobias) [2]. The NESARC also reported that approximately 20% of those people reporting a mental well being disorder also reported a substance abuse disorder. Conversely, 20% of those people with a substance abuse disorder also displayed mental health issues [2].
When alcohol use is observed along with mental well being disorders, alcoholics typically report that they “self-medicate” in order to alleviate symptoms of their psychiatric condition, such as depression [3]. One of the problems with utilizing drinking as an emotional balm are the negative effects of heavy drinking as well as withdrawal from drinking- both can worsen an already negative mood state [four]. Having said this, it is interesting to see how distinct mental well being disorders manifest themselves when substance use enters into the equation. Depending on what the disorder is, substances use is reported to be utilized for diverse reasons and also to either alleviate or bring on certain symptoms. For instance, in the case of bipolar disorder, although drinking might happen in both the manic and depressive phases, drinking is far more prevalent during the manic phase [four]. Similarly, drinking might also produce symptoms that are comparable to the manic phase of bipolar disorder such as grandiosity, irritability or physical agitation. In regards to anxiety disorder for instance, alcoholics usually report intense symptoms such as palpitations, sweatiness, and fear of objects or social situations which generally disappear with the discontinuation of alcohol use. Even so, individuals with agoraphobia or social phobia might drink in order to lessen the amount of anxiety they feel [five].
All of these complications and overlapping symptoms makes it very challenging to properly diagnosis these disorders. Treating a dual diagnosis case also becomes an issue because from a traditional treatment background, mental well being disorders and substance abuse are two separate issues and for that reason call for two separate sets of doctors. Nonetheless, recent studies indicate that an integrated approach or mixture therapy is a much more powerful means of helping dual diagnosis patients minimize substance abuse and ultimately quit utilizing [6]. Study shows that mental health clinicians typically emphasize the significance of support for the client and push medications. On the substance abuse side, there is normally an emphasis on harm reduction and abstaining from drug use, typically staff will even tell clients to not take their medication- leading to worse results. It is nearly guaranteed that patients in separate treatment programs will relapse if they have a significant substance abuse disorder and mental wellness issue [7]. Having said this, an integrated approach requirements to be utilized in order to be a lot more cost-efficient and profitable overall. As soon as healthcare professional recognize dual diagnosis as a new hybrid disorder, the sooner changes will be produced.
More details about dual diagnosis treatment can be discovered at http://www.drugrehabcenter.com , http://www.drug-alcohol-rehab.net and http://www.helpaddicts.com .
1. Sciacca, K. "An Integrated Treatment Approach for Severely Mentally Ill People with Substance Disorders" New Directions for Mental Wellness Services, Jossey Bass Publ. Summer 1991,#50.
2. Grant, B.F., Stinson, F.S., Dawson, D.A., Chou, S.P., Dufour, M.C., Compton, W., Pickering, R.P., Kaplan, K. (2004). Prevalence and co-occurrence of substance use disorders and independent mood and anxiety disorders: outcomes from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions
Archives of General Psychiatry. 61: 807-816.
3. Modesto-Lowe, V. & Kranzler, H.R. (1999). Diagnosis and treatment of alcohol-dependent patients with comorbid psychiatric disorders. Alcohol Study & Well being: 23(2): 144-149.
4. Kranzler, H.R., Mason, B. & Modesto-Lowe, V. (1998). Prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of comorbid mood disorders and alcoholism, In: Kranzler, H.r>, and Rounsaville, B. eds. Dual Diagnosis and Treatment. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc. 107-136.
5. Kranzler, H.R. (1996). Evaluation and treatment of anxiety symptoms and disorders in alcoholics. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 57: five-21.
6. Drake, R.E., Mercer-McFadden, C., Mueser, K.T., McHugo, G.J.,Bond G.R. (1998). Review of integrated mental health and substance abuse treatment for patients with dual disorders. Schizophrenia Bulletin: 24(4): 589-608.
7. Drake, R.E., Bartels, S.J., Teague, G.B., Noordsy, D.L., & Clark, R.E. (1993). Treatment of substance abuse in severely mentally ill patients. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Illness, 181 606-611.
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